Efisiensi teknis dan inefisiensi perdagangan sektor pertanian kawasan Asia Tenggara
Technical efficiency and trade inefficiency in the agricultural sector of the Southeast Asia region
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21082/akp.v24n1.2026.111-127Keywords:
technical efficiency, trade inefficiency, sustainable agricultural policy, Stochastic Frontier Analysis, agricultural tradeAbstract
Population growth and rising food demand place Southeast Asia's agricultural sector under increasing pressure to enhance productivity while reducing environmental pressures. Policy disparities, technological constraints, and trade liberalization may contribute to technical inefficiency and environmental pressures. This study aims to identify disparities in sustainable agricultural policies, measure the technical efficiency of the agricultural sector in Southeast Asia, and evaluate potential trade-induced inefficiency with implications for Indonesia. Unlike previous studies that generally examine technical efficiency, trade, and sustainable agricultural policy disparities separately, this study integrates these three aspects within a single regional analytical framework. A qualitative approach was employed to map agricultural policies, while technical efficiency was estimated using Stochastic Frontier Analysis with a transcendental logarithmic production function that includes emissions as one of the production variables. The results indicate that Southeast Asia's agricultural sector remains labor-intensive and operates under decreasing returns to scale (0.80). An average technical efficiency score of 0.81 suggests that agricultural output could be increased by approximately 19% through efficiency improvements, while both imports and exports significantly reduce technical inefficiency through technology transfer and competitive pressure. These findings suggest that improving agricultural performance in Southeast Asia requires synergy among technical efficiency, more efficient trade, and sustainable agricultural policies. The policy implications highlight the importance of strengthening technical efficiency, accelerating technological modernization, and leveraging trade as an instrument for sustainable agricultural productivity, particularly for Indonesia.
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References
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