Model Kelembagaan Agribisnis Kopi di Sulawesi Barat
Institutional model of coffee agribusiness in West Sulawesi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21082/akp.v24n1.2026.93-110Keywords:
coffee agribusiness, institutional model, institutional coordination, Interpretative Structural Modeling, MICMAC analysisAbstract
Coffee is an important driver of rural economic development in West Sulawesi. However, its agribusiness development remains constrained by weak institutional coordination, limited processing capacity, and poor integration across agribusiness subsystems. The study aimed to analyze the institutional relationship structure and develop an institutional model for coffee agribusiness in West Sulawesi using Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) and Matrice d'Impacts Croisés Multiplication Appliquée à un Classement (MICMAC). The resulting model identifies the strategic roles and interdependencies of institutions as a basis for institutional policy formulation. Data were collected from February to November 2024 through observations, surveys, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions involving nine purposively selected institutional actors, supported by data from 96 coffee farmers. The results identified nine institutions within the coffee agribusiness system. SSIM analysis indicated that most institutional relationships were reciprocal, whereas the initial reachability matrix revealed that 40.2% of the relationships remained inconsistent, indicating weak institutional integration. MICMAC analysis showed that the agricultural agency had the highest driving power, while export companies were the only independent actors driving the system. These findings indicate that coffee agribusiness development requires stronger institutional coordination and integration through a more coherent institutional model. Therefore, policies should strengthen the coordinating role of local government, revitalize coffee cooperatives, promote region-based coffee processing industries, and reinforce inter-institutional partnerships to build a more integrated, competitive, and sustainable coffee agribusiness system.
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