DAMPAK STANDAR KEBERLANJUTAN TERHADAP PENDAPATAN USAHA TANI KOPI: KASUS PROGRAM CAFE PRACTICES DI KABUPATEN ENREKANG
Keywords:
CAFE practices, coffee, kopi, propensity score matching, standar keberlanjutan, sustainability standardsAbstract
English
The Coffee and Farmer Equity (CAFE) Practices is a sustainable coffee farming and handling program initiated by Starbucks Coffee Company. The CAFE Practices program offers economic benefits through increased coffee productivity and quality, better market access, and higher coffee prices. The program, however, potentially increases the production costs needed to implement better cultivation practices according to the CAFE Practices protocol. This study aims to analyze the impact of CAFE Practices program on coffee farming income in Enrekang Regency, and to track down the income impact pathways. This study used primary data from 200 coffee farmers in Enrekang Regency. The data were analyzed using the Propensity Score Matching method. The results showed that the CAFE Practices participating farmers had 18.55% higher farm income than non-CAFE Practices farmers. The change in the CAFE Practices participating farmers was due to increasing farm productivity by 16.66%, increasing production costs by 24.38%, and increasing selling prices by 2.95%. CAFE Practices farmers should be able to maintain or increase their coffee productivity and quality in order to continue to receive high incomes. They also need financial support from the government and/or Starbucks to meet the higher cost of implementing the CAFE Practices program.
Indonesian
Coffee and Farmer Equity (CAFE) Practices adalah program standar budi daya dan penanganan kopi berkelanjutan yang diinisiasi oleh Starbucks Coffee Company. Di satu sisi, penerapan Program CAFE Practices menawarkan keuntungan ekonomi melalui peningkatan produktivitas dan kualitas kopi, akses pasar yang lebih baik, dan harga kopi yang lebih tinggi. Di sisi lain, penerapan program juga berpotensi meningkatkan biaya produksi yang dibutuhkan untuk menerapkan praktik budi daya yang lebih baik sesuai protokol CAFE Practices. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak Program CAFE Practices terhadap pendapatan usaha tani kopi di Kabupaten Enrekang, serta menganalisis perubahan komponen pendapatan yang merupakan jalur dampak perubahan pendapatan tersebut. Penelitian menggunakan data primer dari 200 petani kopi di Kabupaten Enrekang yang dikumpulkan pada bulan Juli–Agustus 2021. Data dianalisis dengan metode Propensity Score Matching. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa petani kopi yang berpartisipasi dalam Program CAFE Practices memperoleh pendapatan usaha tani 18,55% lebih tinggi dibandingkan petani yang tidak berpartisipasi. Perubahan pendapatan disebabkan oleh peningkatan produktivitas kopi sebesar 16,66%, peningkatan biaya produksi sebesar 24,38%, dan peningkatan harga jual kopi sebesar 2,95%. Petani yang berpartisipasi dalam Program CAFE Practices harus dapat mempertahankan atau meningkatkan produktivitas dan kualitas kopi yang dihasilkan agar tetap dapat menerima pendapatan yang tinggi. Petani kopi juga membutuhkan dukungan pembiayaan dari pemerintah dan/atau Starbucks agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhan biaya yang tinggi atas penerapan Program CAFE Practices.
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