Alelopati Gulma: Pelepasan Alelokimia dan Kerugiannya terhadap Tanaman Budidaya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51589/ags.v7i1.3403Kata Kunci:
Alelokimia, Hasil panen, Pertumbuhan, Perkembangan, PenghambatanAbstrak
Gulma iadalah ikelompok itumbuhan iyang iberasosiasi idengan itanaman ibudidaya idan imengakibatkan ikerugian iekonomi. iGulma imengganggu itanaman ikarena iterjadinya ipersaingan idan ialelopati. iUlasan iini ibertujuan iuntuk imenjelaskan ipotensi igulma iyang imengandung ialelokimia, icara ipelepasan ialelokimia idan idampak imerugikannya iterhadap iperkecambahan, ipertumbuhan, iperkembangan, iperubahan idalam iproses ifisiologis idan ihasil ipanen itanaman. iData idihimpun imelalui ipenelusuran irepositori ijurnal idigital, ikemudian idilakukan ianalisis isecara ideskriptif. iMetabolit isekunder iyang idihasilkan ioleh igulma idikenal isebagai ialelokimia, imeliputi ifenolik, ialkaloid, iasam ilemak, iindol, iterpenoid, idan ilain-lain. iNamun, ifenolik iadalah ikelas ialelokimia iyang idominan. iMekanisme ipelepasan ialelokimia idari igulma iterjadi imelalui ipencucian idari idaun iatau ibagian itanaman ilainnya, idekomposisi isisa itanaman, ipenguapan idan ieksudasi iakar. iGulma imeninggalkan iresidunya idalam ijumlah ibesar idi ilapangan idan iberdampak iterhadap itanaman ibudidaya. iPelepasan ialelokimia idari igulma imenghambat iperkecambahan ibenih, ipembentukan itunas, ipertumbuhan idan iperkembangan itanaman, iserta imenurunkan ihasil ipanen. iPada iintinya, ialelopati igulma imerupakan iancaman ipotensial ibagi itanaman ibudidaya idan imenyebabkan ikerugian iekonomi.
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