Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian

PENGEMBANGAN MODEL INTEGRASI KARET-SAPI DI DAERAH SENTRA PERKEBUNAN KARET

Andrea Akbar, Sahuri — Tue, 25 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Low and fluctuating rubber price problems are lowering farmers' incomes today. In addition, Indonesia is also experiencing a national meat deficit that is projected to occur by 2026. The integration of rubber crops and cattle could be a solution to that. This paper aims to study the model of rubber integration in several maintenance patterns, analyze the by-products and livestock wastes that can be integrated into the rubber-beef integration system, and analyse the use of cutting cows in rubber farms. The research was conducted in the experimental garden of the Rubber Research Center, Banyuasin through interviews and observing group activity in person. The results of studies show that farmers can integrate cattle activity into some patterns of maintenance that are adapted to the conditions of the existing agroecosystems. Potential by-products such as rubber seeds as a feed supplement and livestock waste as a rubber industry waste decomposer can be done with technology support. The results of the economic analysis of the rubber cutting cattle enterprise showed a net income of Rs.16,890,000/year and an R/C ratio of 2.34 with the ownership of five cows which means that the business is beneficial to farmers. Support for rubber-cattle integration development policy can be achieved through the establishment of cattle groups at the center of the farm. The rubber-cattle integration program also helps to accelerate the beef production initiated by the government through the Pimentan number 17 in 2020.

TRANSFORMASI PERDESAAN: IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP PENGUASAAN LAHAN, PENDAPATAN RUMAH TANGGA, DAN PRODUKSI PERTANIAN

Rangga Ditya Yofa; Sumedi, Sri Hery Susilowati — Tue, 25 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Transformasi perdesaan ditandai dengan perubahan beberapa indikator strategis, diantaranya status dan luas penguasaan lahan pertanian serta sumber pendapatan penduduk desa. Transformasi ini memiliki dampak positif dan negatif terhadap usaha pertanian di perdesaan. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk menyusun langkah strategis mengurangi potensi dampak negatif transformasi perdesaan terhadap produksi pertanian. Data panel dari lima desa contoh tahun 2022 dan data Patanas pada desa yang sama periode 2010/2011 dan 2016/2017 dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan regresi logit untuk mencapai tujuan kajian. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terjadi penurunan frekwensi dan rataan luas lahan milik dan meningkatnya lahan garapan non milik. Dinamika sumber mata pencaharian penduduk desa mengarah pada meningkatnya proporsi kepala rumah tangga maupun anggota rumah tangga yang bekerja dari sektor pertanian ke sektor non pertanian. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kepala rumah tangga memilih bekerja di sektor pertanian adalah status garapan lahan, jenis komoditas yang ditanam, dan luas penguasaan lahan pertanian. Terjadi perubahan struktur pendapatan rumah tangga yang mengarah pada proporsi pendapatan non pertanian semakin besar. Dinamika luas dan status pengusaan lahan, sumber mata pencaharian, serta struktur pendapatan rumah tangga perdesaan tidak berimplikasi signifikan terhadap penurunan produksi padi, jagung dan ubi kayu. Penurunan produktivitas terjadi pada komoditas jagung dan ubi kayu namun tidak signifikan. Langkah strategis yang perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan atau tetap mempertahankan tingkat pendapatan usaha pertanian yaitu melalui peningkatan indeks pertanaman, diversifikasi usaha pertanian, mendorong industrialisasi pertanian berbasis perdesaan, dan menarik tenaga kerja muda bekerja di desa untuk memperkuat komunitas pengusaha muda pertanian.

KEBIJAKAN INDUSTRI PAKAN MENDORONG DAYA SAING INDUSTRI AYAM BROILER DI INDONESIA

Tue, 25 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The main raw material for broiler chicken feed is corn, where some of corn used still comes from imports. Policies to support the use of alternative raw materials other than those based on corn – soya at low prices are important to increase the competitiveness of broiler meat. World corn prices which continue to increase is one of the factors causing the increase in production costs in the broiler industry. The policy of banning the use of Antibiotic Growth Promoter (AGP) in feed since 2018 has not been widely followed because of fears that farmers will have an impact on reducing the performance of broiler chickens, although there are breeders who have used herbs instead of AGP at a lower cost, but they have not been mass produced. The aims of this study are: (1) to identify legislation related to the broiler feed industry; (2) evaluating the implementation of policies for the broiler feed industry; and (3) formulate policy recommendations for the deep feed industry to increase the efficiency of the broiler supply chain. This research will be conducted in 2022 in the provinces of West Java, West Sumatra and South Sulawesi. Data collection was carried out by interviewing key informants and Focus Group Discussions. Data processing was carried out descriptively using the modified OECD policy-cycle framework. To encourage the efficiency of the national broiler industry, a revitalization policy is needed to develop local feed ingredients as a source of energy and protein with sufficient quality and quantity at competitive prices. The ban on the use of AGP should be followed by supervision and in line with that the government encourages mass production of substitutes for AGP from herbal raw materials..

FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI MINAT MAHASISWA BEKERJA DI PERTANIAN: STUDI KASUS FAKULTAS PERTANIAN, UNIVERSITAS SINTUWU MAROSO

Nurmayanti H Ahmad, Andri Amaliel Managanta, Toyip, Ita Mowidu — Tue, 25 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Agricultural development in Indonesia faces various problems, including the young generation's low interest in agriculture, caused by push and pull factors. This research aims to analyze the relationship between student characteristics, family factors, community factors and students' interest in working in the agricultural sector. The study was conducted from July to October 2022, and 94 students from the Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sintuwu Maroso University were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Analysis was carried out descriptively and through the Spearman rank correlation test. The research results show that student characteristics (gender, cultivation experience, regional origin) and family (parents' occupation, land ownership) significantly correlate with students' interest in working in agriculture. Community factors (relationships between neighbors and local culture) significantly influence students' desire to work in agriculture. The policy implications of this research emphasize the need for a comprehensive response from the government, both at the central and regional levels, to increase student interest and involvement in the agricultural sector, which is the main pillar of the economy and social life.