Optimasi Formula Nutrisi AB Mix untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Biomassa Caisim (Brassica juncea L.) Pada Sistem Hidroponik Wick
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51589/yn05w767Keywords:
Formulasi larutan hara, Akumulasi biomassa, Produktivitas tanaman, Budidaya tanpa tanah, Indeks panenAbstract
Keterbatasan lahan pertanian akibat alih fungsi lahan mendorong pengembangan teknologi budidaya yang lebih efisien, salah satunya melalui sistem hidroponik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh berbagai formula nutrisi AB Mix terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman caisim pada sistem hidroponik wick. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri atas empat perlakuan formula nutrisi AB Mix dan enam ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot kering daun, batang, akar, bobot kering total, luas daun, bobot segar pertanaman, bobot segar pertanaman tanpa akar, bobot segar perinstalasi, bobot segar perinstalasi tanpa akar serta harvest index. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berbagai formula nutrisi AB Mix memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap sebagian besar parameter pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman. AB Mix 2 menghasilkan nilai tertinggi pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot kering organ tanaman, bobot total, dan harvest index, sedangkan AB Mix 4 menghasilkan luas daun dan bobot segar per tanaman tertinggi. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan formula nutrisi memengaruhi kemampuan tanaman dalam menyerap unsur hara dan mengakumulasi biomassa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa formula AB Mix 2 merupakan formulasi nutrisi yang efektif dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif, akumulasi biomassa, dan produktivitas caisim pada sistem hidroponik wick. Formula tersebut direkomendasikan sebagai acuan bagi petani, pelaku usaha hidroponik, dan kelompok tani dalam mengoptimalkan produksi caisim pada budidaya hidroponik skala rumah tangga maupun komersial.
Limited agricultural land due to land use conversion has encouraged the development of more efficient cultivation technologies, one of which is hydroponic cultivation systems. Caisim (Brassica juncea L.) is a leafy vegetable commodity with high economic and nutritional value, requiring cultivation techniques capable of improving plant productivity. This study aimed to analyze the effect of different AB Mix nutrient formulations on the growth and yield of caisim cultivated under a wick hydroponic system. The study employed an experimental method using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) consisting of four AB Mix nutrient formulations and six replications. Observed parameters included plant height, number of leaves, dry weight of leaves, stems and roots, total dry weight, leaf area, fresh weight per plant, fresh weight per plant excluding roots, fresh weight per plot, fresh weight per plot excluding roots, and harvest index. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significance level. The results showed that different AB Mix nutrient formulations significantly affected most growth and yield parameters. AB Mix 2 produced the highet values for plant height, leaf number, organ dry weight, total biomass, and harvest index, while AB Mix 4 resulted in the highest leaf area and fresh weight per plant. These findings indicate that differences in nutrient formulations influence nutrient uptake efficiency and biomass accumulation. The results of this study indicate that the AB Mix 2 formula is the most effective nutrient formulation for enhancing vegetative growth, biomass accumulation and productivity of Chinese cabbage in a wick hydroponic system. This formula is recommended as a guideline for farmers, hydroponic business operators and farmers’ groups in optimising Chinese cabbage production in both household-scale and commercial hydroponic cultivation.
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