Perilaku Petani dalam Menggunakan Pestisida secara Bijaksana Sebelum dan Sesudah Program Penyuluhan

Authors

  • Kurniawan Kurniawan Universitas Darul Ma'arif
  • Deni Hernawan Darul Ma`arif University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51589/rf3hmz23

Keywords:

penyuluhan pertanian, perilaku petani, perubahan perilaku, pestisida bijaksana, petani padi

Abstract

Penggunaan pestisida masih menjadi praktik utama dalam budidaya padi untuk mengendalikan organisme pengganggu tanaman. Namun, penggunaan yang tidak sesuai anjuran, seperti dosis berlebih, frekuensi penyemprotan yang tinggi, serta rendahnya penggunaan alat pelindung diri, masih banyak ditemukan di tingkat petani dan berpotensi menimbulkan dampak terhadap kesehatan maupun lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji perilaku petani dalam menggunakan pestisida secara bijaksana sebelum dan sesudah program penyuluhan pada Kelompok Tani Sri Makmur, Desa Mundakjaya, Kecamatan Cikedung, Kabupaten Indramayu. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Januari–Februari 2026 menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain komparatif. Sebanyak 30 petani dipilih secara purposive dari 62 anggota kelompok tani sebagai responden penelitian. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan skala Likert 5 skala. Data dikumpulkan melalui instrumen yang diberikan sebelum dan sesudah program penyuluhan, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan uji paired sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan pada seluruh aspek perilaku yang diamati. Rata-rata skor pengetahuan meningkat dari 3,33 menjadi 4,13, sikap meningkat dari 3,31 menjadi 4,32, dan keterampilan meningkat dari 3,37 menjadi 4,04. Hasil uji paired sample t-test menunjukkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 (p<0,05), yang menunjukkan adanya perbedaan perilaku petani yang nyata antara sebelum dan sesudah program penyuluhan. Peningkatan pengetahuan mengenai penggunaan pestisida diikuti oleh perubahan sikap yang lebih positif dan peningkatan keterampilan dalam penerapan penggunaan pestisida di lapangan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa penyuluhan mampu mendorong perubahan perilaku petani menuju penggunaan pestisida yang lebih aman, tepat, dan sesuai dengan prinsip penggunaan pestisida secara bijaksana.

 

Pesticide use remains a primary practice in rice cultivation to control plant pests. However, inappropriate use, such as excessive doses, high spraying frequency, and low use of personal protective equipment, is still common among farmers and has the potential to impact health and the environment. This study aims to examine farmers' behavior in using pesticides wisely before and after extension services at the Sri Makmur Farmers Group, Mundakjaya Village, Cikedung District, Indramayu Regency. The study was conducted in January–February 2026 using a quantitative approach with a comparative design. A total of 30 farmers were purposively selected from 62 farmer group members as research respondents. The research instrument used a 5 point Likert scale. Data were collected through instruments administrated before and after the counseling, then analyzed using descriptive analysis and paired sample t-tests. The results showed that there was an increase in all aspects of observed behavior. The average knowledge score increased from 3.33 to 4.13, attitudes increased from 3.31 to 4.32, and skills increased from 3.37 to 4.04. The results of the paired sample t-test showed a significance value of 0.000 (p<0.05), indicating a significant difference in farmer behavior before and after the extension program. Increased knowledge regarding pesticide use was followed by a more positive attitude change and improved skills in applying pesticides in the field. These findings indicate that extension programs can encourage changes in farmer behavior toward safer, more appropriate pesticide use, and in accordance with the principles of prudent pesticide use.

 

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Published

2026-07-03